1290 - The founding of the Piast Cieszyn Duchy

The beginning of the 1280s saw the division of the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz ruled by Prince Vladislaus. The Raciborz section fell to the older brothers Mieszko and Premyslaus. Around 1290, the brothers divided their estate. Mieszko I (1290-1315) took possession of the eastern part including Cieszyn and Oświęcim. For this reason, 1290 is considered the beginning of the Duchy of Cieszyn and the beginning of the reign of the first Duke of Cieszyn. With time, Oświęcim developed into an independent duchy.